GAMİNG ADDİCTİON AND EXERCİSE ADDİCTİON WİTHİN THE FRAMEWORK OF BEHAVİORAL ADDİCTİONS
Keywords:
Addictive behavior, video games, problems and exercises, gaming addictionAbstract
The meaning of the term ‘addiction’ has been changed with both social and technological developments during recent years. In the past, addiction was referred to taking psychoactive chemicals; however, this construct involves not only substance-related but also behavioral addictions nowadays. Gaming addiction, exercise addiction or shopping can be accepted as examples of behavioral addictions, although gambling disorder has only been recognized as an official psychiatric disorder. Indeed, relatively little is known about most of the behavioral addictions since those addictions which are part of daily life have hedonistic in nature. The aim of the current study is to examine closely both gaming addiction and exercise addiction and discuss their differences and similarities in the context of behavioral addictions.
References
Potenza MN. Non-substance addictive behaviors in the context of DSM-5. Addict Behav 2014; 39(1): 1-4.
Black DW. Behavioural addictions as a way to classify behaviours. Can J Psychiatry 2013; 58(5): 249251.
Mann K. Behavioural addictions: Classification and consequences. Eur Psychiatry 2017; 44: 187-188.
Starcevic V. Behavioural addictions: A challenge for psychopathology and psychiatric nosology. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2016; 50(8): 721-725.
Kardefelt-Winther D, Heeren A, Schimmenti A, et al. How can we conceptualize behavioral addiction without pathologizing common behaviors? Addiction 2017; 112: 1709-1715.
Thege BK. The coping function of mental disorder symptoms: is it to be considered when developing diagnostic criteria for behavioural addictions? Commentary to: How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours? Addiction 2017; 122(10): 17161717.
Chu JA, Frey LM, Ganzel BL & Matthews JA. Memories of childhood abuse: Dissociation, amnesia, and corroboration. Am J Psychiatry 1999; 156(5): 749-755.
Sussman S, Rozgonjuk D, van den Eijnden RJM. Substance and behavioral addictions may share a similar underlying process of dysregulation. Commentary to: How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours? Addiction 2017; 122(10): 1717-1718.
Robinson TW, Clark L. Behavioral addictions. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2015; 30: 66-72.
Starcevic V, Khazaal Y. Relationships between behavioural addictions and psychiatric disorders: What is known and what is yet to be learned? Front Psychiatry 2017; 8(53): 1-5.
Alegria A, Bernardi S, Blanco C. Pathological Gambling: obsessive-compulsive disorder or behavioral addiction? Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría 2010; 39: 133-142.
Tamam L. Impulse control disorders: DSM-5 and beyond. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2015; 16(5): i-ii.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013.
Petry NM, Blanco C, Auriacombe M, et al. An overview of and rationale for changes proposed for pathological gambling in DSM-5. J Gambl Stud 2014; 30(2): 493-502.
Lemmens JS, Valkenburg PM, Peter J. Development and validation of a game addiction scale for adolescents. Media Psychology 2009; 12(1): 77-95.
Porter G, Starcevic V, Berle D, Fenech P. Recognizing problem video game use. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2010; 44(2): 120-128.
Van Rooij AJ, Schoenmakers TM, Vermulst AA, et al. Online video game addiction: identification of addicted adolescent gamers. Addiction 2011; 106(1); 205-212.
Irmak AY, Erdoğan S. Ergen ve genç erişkinlerde dijital oyun bağımlılığı: Güncel bir bakış. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2016; 27(2): 128-137.
Weinstein A, Weinstein Y. Exercise addiction-diagnosis, bio-psychological mechanisms and treatment issues. Curr Pharm Design 2014; 20(25): 4062-4069.
Yeltepe H, İkizler C. Egzersiz bağımlılığı ölçeği-21’in Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Bağımlılık Dergisi 2007; 8(1): 29-35.
Andreassen CS, Griffiths MD, Gjertsen SR, et al. The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality. J Behav Addict 2013; 2(2): 90-99.
Männikkö N, Billieux J, Kääriäinen M. Problematic digital gaming behavior and its relation to the psychological, social and physical health of Finnish adolescents and young adults. J Behav Addict 2015; 4(4): 281-288.
Goodwin H, Haycraft E, Willis A, Meyer C. Compulsive exercise: The role of personality, psychological morbidity, and disordered eating. Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44: 655-660.
Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Pontes HM. Chaos and confusion in DSM-5 diagnosis of Internet Gaming Disorder: Issues, concerns, and recommendations for clarity in the field. J Behav Addict 2017; 6(2): 103-109.
Nuyens F, Deleuze J, Maurage P, et al. Impulsivity in multiplayer online battle arena Gamers: Preliminary results on experimental and self-report measures. J Behav Addict 2016; 5(2): 351-356.
Lemmens JS, Hendriks SJF. Addictive online games: Examining the relationship between game genres and Internet Gaming Disorder. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2016; 19(4): 270-276.
Škařupová K, Blinka L. Interpersonal dependency and online gaming addiction. J Behav Addict 2015; 5(1): 108-114.
Calado F, Alexandre J, Griffiths MD. Mom, Dad it’s only a game! Perceived gambling and gaming behaviors among adolescents and young adults: An exploratory study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2014; 12(6): 772-794.
Na E, Choi I, Lee TH, et al. The influence of game genre on Internet gaming disorder. J Behav Addict 2017; 6(2): 248-255.
Loton D, Borkoles E, Lubman D, Polman R. Video game addiction, engagement and symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety: The mediating role of coping. Int J Ment Health Addict 2016; 14(4): 565-578.
Lee SY, Lee HK, Choo H. Typology of internet gaming disorder and its clinical implications. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71(7): 479-491.
Gentile DA. Pathological video-game use among youth ages 8 to 18: A national study. Psychol Sci 2009; 20(5): 594-602.
Chan PA, Rabinowitz T. A cross-sectional analysis of video games and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adolescents. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2006; 5:16.
Brunborg GS, Mentzoni RA, Frøyland LR. Is video gaming, or video game addiction, associated with depression, academic achievement, heavy episodic drinking, or conduct problems? J Behav Addict 2014; 3(1): 27-32.
Mentzoni RA, Brunborg GS, Molde H, et al. Problematic video game use: estimated prevalence and associations with mental and physical health. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2011; 14(10): 591-596.
Wei HT, Chen MH, Huang PC, Bai YM. The association between online gaming, social phobia, and depression: An Internet survey. BMC Psychiatry 2012; 12:92.
Hyun GJ, Han DH, Lee YS, et al. Risk factors associated with online game addiction: a hierarchical model. Comput Human Behav 2015; 48: 706-713.
Billieux J, Thorens G, Khazaal Y, et al. Problematic involvement in online games: A cluster analytic approach. Comput Human Behav 2015; 43: 242-250.
Garcia-Oliva C, Piqueras JA. Experiential avoidance and technological addictions in adolescents. J Behav Addict 2016; 5(2): 293-303.
Hussain Z, Williams GA, Griffiths MD. An exploratory study of the association between online gaming addiction and enjoyment motivations for playing massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Comput Human Behav 2015; 50: 221-230.
Beard CL, Wickham RE. Gaming-contingent self-worth, gaming motivation, and Internet Gaming Disorder. Comput Human Behav 2016; 61: 507-515.
Griffiths MD. The role of context in online gaming excess and addiction: Some case study evidence. Int J Ment Health Addict 2010; 8(1): 119-125.
Hull DC, Williams GA, Griffiths MD. Video game characteristics, happiness and flow as predictors of addiction among video game players: A pilot study. J Behav Addict 2013; 2(3): 145-152.
Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD. Online gaming addiction in children and adolescents: A review of empirical research. J Behav Addict 2012; 1(1): 3-22.
Kim EJ, Namkoong K, Ku T, Kim SJ. The relationship between online game addiction and aggression, self-control and narcissistic personality traits. Eur Psychiatry 2008; 23(3): 212-218.
Mehroof M, Griffiths MD. Online gaming addiction: the role of sensation seeking, self-control, neuroticism, aggression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2010; 13(3): 313-316.
Kaess M, Parzer P, Mehl L, et al. Stress vulnerability in male youth with Internet Gaming Disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 77: 244-251.
Goodwin H, Haycraft E, Meyer C. Emotion regulation styles as longitudinal predictors of compulsive exercise: A twelve-month prospective study. J Adolesc 2014; 37(8): 1399-1404.
Egorov AY, Szabo A. The exercise paradox: An interactional model for a clearer conceptualization of exercise addiction. J Behav Addict 2013; 2(4): 199-208.
Berczik K, Szabó A, Griffiths MD, et al. Exercise addiction: symptoms, diagnosis, epidemiology, and etiology. Subst Use Misuse 2012, 47(4): 403-417.
Hamer M, Karageorghis CI. Psychobiological mechanisms of exercise dependence. Sports Med 2007; 37(6): 477-484.
Hausenblas HA, Downs DS. Exercise dependence: A systematic review. Psychol Sport Exerc 2002; 3(2): 89-123.
Freimuth M, Moniz S, Kim SR. Clarifying exercise addiction: differential diagnosis, co-occurring disorders, and phases of addiction. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2011; 8(10): 4069-4081.
Szabo A. The impact of exercise deprivation on well-being of habitual exercisers. Aust J Sci Med Sport 1995; 27: 68-75.
McNamara J, McCabe MP. Striving for success or addiction? Exercise dependence among elite Australian athletes. J Sports Sci 2012; 30(8): 755-766.
Meyer C, Taranis L, Goodwin H, Haycraft E. Compulsive exercise and eating disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2011; 19(3): 174-189.
Costa S, Hausenblas HA, Oliva P, et al. The role of age, gender, mood states and exercise frequency on exercise dependence. J Behav Addict 2013; 2(4): 216-223
Costa S, Hausenblas HA, Oliva P, et al. Maladaptive perfectionism as mediator among psychological control, eating disorders, and exercise dependence symptoms in habitual exerciser. J Behav Addict 2016; 5(1): 77-89.
Chamberlain SR, Lochner C, Stein DJ, et al. Behavioural addiction – a rising tide? Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 26: 841-855.
Grant JE, Schreiber LRN, Odlaug BL. Phenomenology and treatment of behavioural addictions. Can J Psychiatry 2013; 58(5): 252-259.
Griffiths MD. A “components” model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. J Subst Use 2005; 10(4): 191-197.
Chambers RA, Taylor JR, Potenza MN. Developmental neurocircuitry of motivation in adolescence: a critical period of addiction vulnerability. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160(6): 1041-1052.
Fattore L, Melis M, Fadda P, Fratta W. Sex differences in addictive disorders. Front Neuroendocrinol 2014; 35: 272-284.
Goudriaan AE, Oosterlaan J, de Beurs E, van den Brink W. Neurocognitive functions in pathological gambling: a comparison with alcohol dependence, Tourette syndrome and normal controls. Addiction 2006; 101(4): 534-547.
Blanco C, Orensanz-Munoz L, Blanco-Jerez C, Saiz-Ruiz J. Pathological gambling and platelet MAO activity: A psychobiological study. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153(1): 119-121.
Cowlishaw S, Merkouris S, Dowling N, et al. Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 11:CD008937.
Grant J E, Chamberlain SR. Expanding the definition of addiction: DSM-5 vs. ICD-11. CNS Spectr 2016; 21(4): 300-303.
Denizci Nazlıgül M, Baş S, Akyüz Z, Yorulmaz O. İnternette oyun oynama bozukluğu ve tedavi yaklaşımları: Sistematik bir gözden geçirme. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions 2018; 5: 1335.
Ko CH, Yen JY. Commentary on: Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research: Excessive behaviors are not necessarily addictive behaviors. J Behav Addict 2015; 4(3): 130-131.
Thege BK, Colman I, el-Guebaly N, et al. Social judgments of behavioral versus substance-related addictions: A population-based study. Addict Behav 2015; 42: 24-31.
Spada MM. Commentary on: Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research. J Behav Addict 2015; 4(3): 124-125.
Kardefelt-Winther D. Commentary on: Are we overpathologizing everyday life? A tenable blueprint for behavioral addiction research. Problems with atheoretical and confirmatory research approaches in the study of behavioral addictions. J Behav Addict 2015; 4(3): 126-129.
Gagnon H, Côté J, April N, et al. Predictors of intention not to use cannabis among young adults who attend adult education centers. Addict Res Theory 2013; 21(2): 123-131.
Neighbors C, Geisner IM, Lee CM. Perceived marijuana norms and social expectancies among entering college student marijuana users. Psychol Addict Behav 2008; 22(3): 433-438.
Lang B, Rosenberg H. Public perceptions of behavioral and substance addictions. Psychol Addict Behav 2017; 3(1): 79-84.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Dependence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
...